Arts, Humanities & Social Science

The Tumpang Archaeological Site, a sacred location within Walailak University, was built over a thousand years ago under the influence of Brahmanism, according to scientific research. The site spans an area of over 80 rai and features four ancient brick structures with an entrance gate on the eastern side leading to two rectangular ponds. In 2001, the Tumpang Archaeological Site was officially recognized as a historic site by the 12^th Regional Office of Fine Arts, Nakhon Si Thammarat.

The name "Tumpang" resembles the Yawi word "Tumpas," meaning "dwelling." The site holds a special place in the hearts of locals, who view it as a source of protection and blessings. Villagers often seek blessings for their work, health, and family from "Tuad," which translates to great-grandfather in Thai. Tuad is believed to be an ancestor guardian residing within the Tumpang site, providing blessings based on the villagers' requests. Accounts from villagers who have visited the archaeological site also reveal that some have encountered Tuad appearing in the form of a large white snake or an elderly man, protecting the site from those who attempt to cause harm or hunt animals in the area.

" At the Shrine of Reverence for Tuad Tumpang, we can see many offerings placed on the altar after people receive what they ask for—whether it’s sweet red water, boiled eggs, fried fish, or boiled rice with coconut milk. Even Walailak staff seek blessings from Tuad for career success, encouragement, and guidance to achieve their goals," said Dr. Pennapa Waiyawek, Head of the Research Project on Elevating Nora to Sustainability and an officer at the Center for Cultural and Sports Promotion, Walailak University.



Every March, in keeping with the tradition of venerating Tuad Tumpang, Walailak University organizes the annual Tuad Tumpang Merit-Making Ceremony. This ceremony not only preserves cultural heritage but also instills moral and ethical values while promoting an appreciation for historical and archaeological significance. It encourages students and staff to recognize the value of this ancient site and deepen their understanding of Nakhon Si Thammarat's rich history.

This year’s ceremony, which will be held on Tuesday, March 11, is particularly special as the Center for Cultural and Sports Promotion has created a new performance, Natya Nora Bucha Tuad Tumpang (Natya Nora: A Tribute to Tuad Tumpang). This performance is developed based on the traditional Nora dance-drama from southern Thailand, which was inscribed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2021.

"The Center received support from Assistant Professor Supat Narksen from Nakhon Si Thammarat College of Dramatic Arts, who has helped develop new poetic verses, Nora music, choreography, and costumes for this year’s ceremony to honor Tuad Tumpang. This performance is an adapted version of Nora, blending contemporary elements with the traditional dance," explained Dr. Pennapa.





The performance will feature nine performers: three men and six women dressed in Nora costumes. The men will wear Nora headdresses, while the women will don contemporary Nora dresses in orange, the official color of Walailak University. The performance consists of three parts: Chatri Damnoen, the opening scene portraying the 12 offerings to Tuad Tumpang; Anchern Baramee, depicting the sanctity of Tuad; and Nom Rudi Bucha, offering reverence to Tuad Tumpang.

Dr. Pennapa further explained that the Center aims to create a performance that highlights the unique culture of Nakhon Si Thammarat. "We want to create something meaningful and distinctive, showcasing the Nora dance in its traditional form while adapting it for modern audiences. This is part of our ongoing mission to preserve this important art form in the southern region," she said.

In 2023, the Center, alongside a team of academics and experts, launched online Nora courses to make the dance more accessible to the public and promote its preservation. In 2024, the Center established Nora Youth Training Centers in schools in Chumphon and Phatthalung provinces to ensure the continued vitality of this traditional art. This year, the Center also plans to establish a Nora training center at Walailak University, which will serve as a hub for students, researchers, and practitioners alike. This training center will be a focal point for the study and practice of Nora, aligning with Walailak University's mission for the conservation and restoration of art and culture.









Photos courtesy of the Center for Cultural and Sports Promotion, Walailak University.
Article by Settaboot Onphakdee, Division of Corporate Communication